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Shod runners tend to heel strike due to the designs of the modern shoes, which have thick heels to reduce the impact force from the ground. When running barefoot, however, some runners tend to shift to a forefoot striking pattern to avoid such impact, which is equivalent to 2–3 times the body weight. [ 22 ]
With a heel strike, this phase may be just a continuation of momentum from the stretch reflex, gravity, and light hip extension, offering little force absorption through the ankle joint. [28] [30] [31] On the other hand, a mid/forefoot strike helps in shock absorption, supporting plantar flexion from midstance to toe-off. [31] [32]
In a healthy individual walking at a normal walking speed, stance phase makes up approximately 60% of one gait cycle and swing makes up the remaining 40%. [3] The lower limbs are only in contact with the ground during the stance phase, which is typically subdivided into 5 events: heel contact, foot flat, mid-stance, heel off, and toe off.
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Whereas in normal gait, the heel strikes the ground before the toes (also called heel-to-toe walking), in Parkinsonian gait, motion is characterised by flat foot strike (where the entire foot is placed on the ground at the same time) [12] or less often and in the more advanced stages of the disease by toe-to-heel walking (where the toes touch the ground before the heel).
mid-foot strike – heel and ball land simultaneously; heel strike – heel-toe: heel of foot lands, then plantar flexes to ball; Sprinting typically features a forefoot strike, but the heel does not usually contact the ground. Some researchers classify foot strike by the initial center of pressure; this is mostly applicable to shod running ...
To measure this, a study was conducted involving runners who habitually run with a rearfoot strike while wearing shoes. Of the runners involved in the study, 32% used a heel strike pattern in initial attempts at running barefoot. Running barefoot while heel striking leads to increased muscle activation and impact accelerations. [30]