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Club moss spores and teas from plant leaves have been used since ancient times in both American Indian and European cultures. Medicinal uses included treating urinary tract problems, diarrhea and other digestive tract problems; relieving headaches and skin ailments; and inducing labor in pregnancy.
Huperzia serrata, the toothed clubmoss, [3] is a plant known as a firmoss.The species is native to eastern Asia (China, Tibet, Japan, the Korean peninsula, the Russian Far East). [4]
Many club-moss gametophytes are mycoheterotrophic and long-lived, residing underground for several years before emerging from the ground and progressing to the sporophyte stage. [4] Lycopodiaceae and spikemosses (Selaginella) are the only vascular plants with biflagellate sperm, an ancestral trait in land plants otherwise only seen in bryophytes.
The club mosses commonly grow to be 5–20 cm tall. [4] The gametophytes in most species are non-photosynthetic and myco-heterotrophic , but the subfamily Lycopodielloideae and a few species in the subfamily Huperzioideae have gametophytes with an upper green and photosynthetic part, and a colorless lower part in contact with fungal hyphae.
sphagnum moss (Sphagnum flexuosum) There are at least 23 species of clubmosses and 153 species of mosses found in the state of Montana in the United States. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The Montana Natural Heritage Program has identified a number of clubmoss and moss species as species of concern .
Huperzia selago. Huperzia selago, the northern firmoss or fir clubmoss, is a vascular plant in the family Lycopodiaceae. [2] It is small-ish, sturdy, stiff and upright and densely scale-leaved.
Lycopodiella alopecuroides, the foxtail clubmoss, is a species of perennial vascular plant in the club-moss family, Lycopodiaceae. [1] It is commonly found along the Atlantic seaboard and has recently been discovered in the state of Maine. [2] The family, Lycopodiaceae contains nearly 15 genera and about 375 species [3]
Lycopodiella inundata is a species of club moss known by the common names inundated club moss, [2] marsh clubmoss [3] and northern bog club moss.It has a circumpolar and circumboreal distribution, occurring throughout the northern Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic to montane temperate regions in Eurasia and North America.