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Protectionism, sometimes referred to as trade protectionism, is the economic policy of restricting imports from other countries through methods such as tariffs on imported goods, import quotas, and a variety of other government regulations.
Protectionist measures included tariffs and quotas on imported goods, along with subsidies and other means, to restrain the free movement of imported goods, thus encouraging local industry. There was a general lessening of protectionist measures from the 1930s onwards, culminating in the free trade period that followed the Second World War.
The Tariff Act of 1930 (codified at 19 U.S.C. ch. 4), commonly known as the Smoot–Hawley Tariff or Hawley–Smoot Tariff, [1] was a law that implemented protectionist trade policies in the United States.
Tariffs have historically served a key role in the trade policy of the United States.Their purpose was to generate revenue for the federal government and to allow for import substitution industrialization (industrialization of a nation by replacing imports with domestic production) by acting as a protective barrier around infant industries. [1]
Trump has been a vocal supporter of tariffs since the 1980s, and the protectionism policy played prominently in his first term. Trump has also discussed tariffs at length during his current run ...
That protectionist policy, which triggered retaliatory measures from other nations, was seen by many economists as exacerbating the Great Depression. Duncan Braid, the coalition director of ...
These policies aimed at countering the growing presence of China and creating an industrial policy to bring back U.S. industries that were seen to have been eroded by international competition.
A protectionist turning point in British economic policy came in 1721, when policies to promote manufacturing industries were introduced by Robert Walpole. These included, for example, increased tariffs on imported foreign manufactured goods, export subsidies, reduced tariffs on imported raw materials used for manufactured goods and the ...