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Mary Richards, also known as Mary Jane Richards Garvin and possibly Mary Bowser (born 1846), was a Union spy during the Civil War. [1] She was possibly born enslaved from birth in Virginia , but there is no documentation of where she was born or who her parents were.
Van Lew also operated a spy ring during the war, which included clerks in the War and Navy Departments of the Confederacy, as well as free and enslaved African Americans, including Mary Richards Bowser. [1] [9] Mary Jane Richards, aka Mary Elizabeth Bowser, was reputedly a formerly enslaved maid in the Van Lew household, and was sent by the ...
Youngest Confederate general officer on date of appointment. Assigned a division in Wheeler's corps. During Atlanta campaign raid, mortally wounded in an action at Franklin, Tennessee, September 2, 1864. Left with William H. Harrison family; died a few days later, probably September 4, 1864, aged 24. Kemper, James Lawson: Brigadier general
William "Extra Billy" Smith (1797–1887), two-time governor of Virginia, Confederate general; Harold Fleming Snead (1903–1987), Justice, Supreme Court of Virginia (1957–74) Leroy Augustus Stafford (1822–1864), Confederate Army brigadier general; William E. Starke (1814–1862), Confederate general killed at the Battle of Antietam
The second agent, Mary Elizabeth Bowser, was part of a Union spy ring known as "the Richmond underground," directed by Elizabeth Van Lew, whose family was well respected and well connected socially in Richmond. While not hiding her Union loyalties, Van Lew affected behavior that made her appear harmless and eccentric to Confederate authorities.
Two Confederate generals were killed and four were wounded. Participants in the battle included two future presidents of the United States , two future governors of Virginia , a former vice president of the United States , and a colonel whose grandson , George S. Patton , became a famous general in World War II .
Confederate General Robert Lee said "The chief source of information to the enemy is through our negroes." [31] In a letter to Confederate high command, Confederate general Patrick Cleburne complained "All along the lines slavery is comparatively valueless to us for labor, but of great and increasing worth to the enemy for information. It is an ...
Confederate Killed Wounded Captured/ Missing Total Killed Wounded Captured/ Missing Total National Park Service 13,000 2,500 Kennedy, Civil War Battlefield Guide 13,000 5,000 King, Overland Campaign Staff Ride 12,738 3,400 Bonekemper, Victor, Not a Butcher: 1,844 9,077 1,816 12,737 83 3,380 1,132