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The absence of a written history has meant that the origin and early history of the Romani people was long an enigma. Indian origin was suggested on linguistic grounds as early as the late 18th century. [9] In the Roma language, "rom" means husband/man, while "romňi" means wife/woman, and thus "roma" means "husbands/people".
The history of Roma in Greece goes back to the 15th century. The name Gypsy (Gyftos = Γύφτος) sometimes used for the Romani people was first given to them by the Greeks, who supposed them to be Egyptian in origin. [10] Due to their nomadic nature, they are not concentrated in a specific geographical area, but are dispersed all over the ...
The Roma from Bohemia (today Czech Republic) were called Bohemian (bohémiens in French) because they were believed to have originated ethnically in Bohemia and later came to Western European countries such as France in the 16th century. [222] The term bohemian came to mean carefree, artistic people. The Roma were musicians and dancers as well ...
In 2009–2010, a media campaign followed by a parliamentary initiative asked the Romanian Parliament to accept a proposal to revert the official name of country's Roma (adopted in 2000) to Țigan (Gypsy), the traditional and colloquial Romanian name for Romani, to avoid the possible confusion among the international community between the words ...
The English term gypsy or gipsy [16] is commonly used to indicate Romani people, [17] and use of the word gipsy in modern-day English is pervasive (and is a legal term under English law—see below), and some Romani organizations use it in their own organizational names, particularly in the United Kingdom.
In Evliya Çelebi's Seyahatnâme of 1668, he explained that the Gypsies from Komotini (Gümülcine) "swear by their heads" their ancestors came from Egypt. [8] Moreover, the sedentary Gypsy groups from the Serres region in Greece believe their ancestors were once taken from Egypt Eyalet by the Ottomans to Rumelia after 1517 to work on the tobacco plantations of Turkish feudals there. [9]
Romanichal residing in England, Scotland, and Wales are part of the Gypsy (Romani), Roma, and Traveller community. [2] Genetic, cultural and linguistic findings indicate that the Romani people can trace their origins to Northern India. [3] [4] [5]
The Roma first came to Chicago during the large waves of Southern and Eastern European immigration to the United States in the 1880s until World War I. Two separate Romani subgroups settled in Chicago, the Machwaya and the Kalderash. The Machwaya came from Serbia and parts of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. They settled on the Southeast Side of ...