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The highest point on Venus, Maxwell Montes, is therefore the coolest point on Venus, with a temperature of about 655 K (380 °C; 715 °F) and an atmospheric pressure of about 4.5 MPa (45 bar). [ 127 ] [ 128 ] In 1995, the Magellan spacecraft imaged a highly reflective substance at the tops of the highest mountain peaks, a " Venus snow " that ...
The surface temperature of Venus (over 450 °C) is far beyond the extremophile range, which extends only tens of degrees beyond 100 °C. However, the lower temperature of the cloud tops means that life could plausibly exist there, the same way that bacteria have been found living and reproducing in clouds on Earth. [76]
Surface temperature; Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Sun: N/A 5,000,000 K In a solar flare [33] 1240 K In a sunspot [34] Mercury: 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) Caloris Montes, northwest Caloris Basin rim mountains [35] [36] 723 K Dayside of Mercury [37] 89 K Permanently shaded polar craters [38] Venus: 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) Maxwell Montes ...
For example, Venus has an effective temperature of approximately 226 K (−47 °C; −53 °F), but a surface temperature of 740 K (467 °C; 872 °F). [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Similarly, Earth has an effective temperature of 255 K (−18 °C; −1 °F), [ 14 ] but a surface temperature of about 288 K (15 °C; 59 °F) [ 15 ] due to the greenhouse effect in ...
This is equal to the entire crust of Venus down to a depth of about 21.4 kilometers. Another study [21] concluded that under optimal conditions, on average, 1 cubic meter of basalt rock can sequester 260 kg of carbon dioxide. Venus's crust appears to be 70 kilometres (43 mi) thick and the planet is dominated by volcanic features.
Venus (0.72–0.73 AU) [D 6] has a reflective, whitish atmosphere that is mainly composed of carbon dioxide. At the surface, the atmospheric pressure is ninety times as dense as on Earth's sea level. [98] Venus has a surface temperatures over 400 °C (752 °F), mainly due to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. [99]
Venus also presents several significant challenges to human colonization. Surface conditions on Venus are difficult to deal with: the temperature averages around 464 °C (737 K; 867 °F), [9] higher than the melting point of lead, which is 327 °C.
The surface conditions on Venus are more extreme than on Earth, with temperatures ranging from 453 to 473 °C and pressures of 95 bar. [3] Venus lacks water, which makes crustal rock stronger and helps preserve surface features. The features observed provide evidence for the geological processes at work.