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Global distribution of dryland areas based on the aridity index computed over a 30-year average during 1981 to 2010. Typical deserts are indicated by the hyper-arid category (light yellow). [1] Desertification is a type of gradual land degradation of fertile land into arid desert due to a combination of natural processes and human activities.
The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in Those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa (UNCCD) is a Convention to combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought through national action programs that incorporate long-term strategies supported by international cooperation and partnership arrangements.
People displaced as a result of desertification can lead to increased competition for scarce resources and conflicts, worsening economic issues. [39] Desertification's detrimental effects on ecosystems and biodiversity can have far-reaching consequences for industries like tourism and ecotourism, which rely on healthy ecosystems to attract ...
Desertification is one of the issues of environmental concern in Nigeria, particularly the northern part of the country. According to UNEP [4] in 1993, Northern Nigeria has one of the highest rates of deforestation in the world at about 3.5%, caused by land degradation, increase in agricultural intensity, over-grazing of livestock, and demand for fuel by cutting down trees.
Overgrazing has adverse impacts. It damages the ecosystem and fuels climate change by causing soil erosion, degrading water resources (such as rivers, streams, and the water table), and destroying biodiversity. [29] Ghana's problems with desertification have also been compounded by unsustainable agricultural practices. [30]
Yemen’s economy is based on agriculture and small-scale farming, and its agriculture is highly vulnerable to climate change. Over 75% of the Yemeni population engages in rural-based farming and pastoralism, relying on favorable climatic conditions for economic sustenance. [10] One of the sectors highly affected by climate change is beekeeping.
Desertification: Human-led changes in land management practices lead to changes in the ecological characteristics of a region. Land mismanagement and climate change can lead to a loss of ecosystem services, such as through degradation of soil. [15] Together, these losses can result in desertification seen in arid and dry areas.
Sustainable Development Goal 15 (SDG 15 or Global Goal 15) is about "Life on land".One of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations in 2015, the official wording is: "Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss". [1]