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There have been several approaches for surgery of parotid pleomorphic adenoma in the course of time. Enucleation of the tumor (i.e. intracapsular dissection), a procedure that was common in the early 20th century, is nowadays obsolete due to very high incidence of recurrence. [9]
Risk of mortality is very low in reference to the surgery. [4] In a case of benign tumor, such as pleomorphic adenoma, a significant outcome is also the rate of tumor recurrence. Pleomorphic adenomas may recur after a very long time from primary surgery, on average over 7–10 years and up to 24 years. [10] [11]
Benign tumour of the submandibular gland, also known as pleomorphic adenoma, presented as a painless neck mass in a 40-year-old man. At the left of the image is the white tumour with its characteristic cartilaginous cut surface. To the right is the normally lobated submandibular salivary gland. Warthin's tumor; Myoepithelioma; Basal cell ...
A biopsy is indicated when the patient's clinical presentation, past history or imaging studies do not allow a definitive diagnosis. A biopsy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of a piece of tissue sample from the living organism for the purpose of microscopic examination. In most cases, biopsies are carried out under local ...
In approximately 75% of cases ca ex PAs arise in a pleomorphic adenoma that is apparent when the tumour is excised. [2] In the other approximately 25% of cases the individual had a pleomorphic adenoma excised previously and the diagnosis is made based on (1) the presence of a carcinoma, and (2) the history of a pleomorphic adenoma at that location.
Sometimes when surgery is not possible due to extent of disease or if a patient is too frail for surgery, or declines surgery, palliative radiotherapy may be helpful. There has been a report of a case where low dose radiotherapy achieve disease response and control for more than 4 years.
A rare type of rhabdomyosarcoma that is found in adults is known as pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. [4] Despite the prevalence of pleomorphism in human pathology, its role in disease progression is unclear. In epithelial tissue, pleomorphism in cellular size can induce packing defects and disperse aberrant cells. [5]
The name of the tumor derives from the fact that: It has a varied microscopic architectural appearance, i.e. it is polymorphous. It is non-aggressive when compared to other oral cavity tumors, i.e. it is a low-grade tumor. [1] It forms glands, i.e. it is an adenocarcinoma.