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Railway signal in Ploiești West railway station, Romania. This type of signal is based on the German Ks signals. The signal head is the portion of a colour light signal which displays the aspects. To display a larger number of indications, a single signal might have multiple signal heads.
Signals are most commonly mounted on trackside masts about 12 to 15 feet (3.7 to 4.6 m) high to put them in the eyeline of the engineer. Signals can also be mounted on signal bridges or cantilever masts spanning multiple tracks. Signal bridges and masts typically provide at least 20 feet (6.1 m) of clearance over the top of the rail.
Such signals as electrically operated automatic and interlocking signals were widely adopted in the U.S. After 1908 with the advent of the Union Switch & Signal's Styles "B" & "S" and the General Railway Signal Company's universal Model 2A mechanisms manual semaphores and earlier electric disc signals quickly began to disappear.
A British Upper Quadrant semaphore signal. In the days of the first British railways, "policemen" were employed by every railway company. Their jobs were many and varied, but one of their key roles was the giving of hand signals to inform engine drivers as to the state of the line ahead. [3]
The NORAC rule book illustrates all signal aspects and indications which may appear on track operated by member railroads. However, GCOR does not illustrate signal aspects and indications because of the lack of uniformity between the participating railroads. Signal aspect and indication illustrations instead appear in each railroad's system ...
Example of an L type light signal. Swiss light signals are divided into two classes, recognizable by the difference in shape of the signal: type L (for Light) and type N (for numérique (digital)). Type L was developed many years ago. The N system was developed for the Rail 2000 project and shows a clear influence of the Dutch NS'54 system. In ...
Each signal is either a "Starting", "Home" or a "Distant" Signal, where Starting and Home Signals can display a Red aspect that tell a driver they must stop, and Distant Signals display a "Yellow" aspect that warns the driver that any starting home signals ahead are displaying a stop aspect. All signals can display a green aspect that means ...
Depending on the manner in which they are used, and the nomenclature favoured by the railway administration concerned, stop signals may be further categorised as 'home signals' or 'starting signals', for example. Some stop signals are in the form of a fixed signal, generally a white board with a red solid circle.