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Transcellular transport often involves energy expenditure whereas paracellular transport is unmediated and passive down a concentration gradient, [4] or by osmosis (for water) and solvent drag for solutes. [5] Paracellular transport also has the benefit that absorption rate is matched to load because it has no transporters that can be saturated.
In contrast, paracellular transport is the transfer of substances across an epithelium by passing through an intercellular space between the cells. It differs from transcellular transport, where the substances travel through the cell passing through both the apical membrane and basolateral membrane; Renal physiology. Transcellular transport is ...
Molecules are transported across an epithelial or endothelial barrier by one of two routes: 1) a transcellular route through the intracellular compartment of the cell, or 2) a paracellular route through the extracellular space between adjacent cells. [18] The transcellular route is also called transcytosis.
When the topical drug molecules transport via the paracellular route, it needs to travel across the stratum corneum, which is a highly fat region, but between the cells. [9] [1] On the other hand, the topical drug molecules may travel through the transcellular route. This route allows molecules to be transported via the cell.
It generally occurs in the paracellular, rather than transcellular, pathway between the tubular cells. It is seen e.g. in the passive transport in renal sodium reabsorption, renal chloride reabsorption as well as renal urea handling.
The transcellular (through the cells) and paracellular (between the cells) routes control the passage of substances between the intestinal lumen and blood. The barrier formed by the intestinal epithelium separates the external environment (the contents of the intestinal lumen ) from the body [ 6 ] and is the most extensive and important mucosal ...
Scheme of selective permeability routes of epithelial cells (red arrows). The transcellular (through the cells) and paracellular (between the cells) routes control the passage of substances between the intestinal lumen and blood. This consists of specific transport of solutes across the epithelial cells. It is predominantly regulated by the ...
The most common route for drug transport through the buccal mucosa is the paracellular pathway. Most hydrophilic drugs permeate the cheek linings via the paracellular pathway through the mechanism of passive diffusion, and hydrophobic drugs are transported through the transcellular pathway. [7]