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Administration of intravenous sodium bicarbonate as an antidote has been shown to be an effective treatment for resolving the metabolic acidosis and cardiovascular complications of TCA poisoning. If sodium bicarbonate therapy fails to improve cardiac symptoms, conventional antidysrhythmic drugs or magnesium can be used to reverse any cardiac ...
Since these agents do not affect the sodium channel, conduction velocity is not decreased. The prolongation of the action potential duration and refractory period, combined with the maintenance of normal conduction velocity, prevent re-entrant arrhythmias. (The re-entrant rhythm is less likely to interact with tissue that has become refractory).
Intravenous sodium bicarbonate, also known as sodium hydrogen carbonate, is a medication primarily used to treat severe metabolic acidosis. [2] For this purpose it is generally only used when the pH is less than 7.1 and when the underlying cause is either diarrhea , vomiting , or the kidneys . [ 3 ]
QRS duration: 75 to 105 ms [3] Shorter in children [4] Prolonged duration could indicate hyperkalemia [5] or intraventricular conduction delay such as bundle branch block. QRS amplitude: S amplitude in V1 + R amplitude in V5 < 3.5 millivolt (mV) [4] R+S in a precordial lead < 4.5 mV [4] R in V5 or V6 < 2.6 mV; Increased amplitude indicates ...
The key indication for CRT is left bundle branch block (LBBB) of the heart, a cardiac abnormality leading to delayed left ventricular contraction. LBBB causes a QRS prolongation of ≥120 ms on the electrocardiogram, contributing to poor left ventricular coordination and reduced systolic function, thereby reduced ejection fraction (<35%).
Acidosis (hydrogen cation excess) is an abnormal pH in the body as a result of lactic acidosis which occurs in prolonged hypoxia and in severe infection, diabetic ketoacidosis, kidney failure causing uremia, or ingestion of toxic agents or overdose of pharmacological agents, such as aspirin and other salicylates, ethanol, ethylene glycol and other alcohols, tricyclic antidepressants, isoniazid ...
Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are potassium channel blockers that cause QT prolongation and are associated with TdP. Amiodarone. Amiodarone works in many ways. It blocks sodium, potassium, and calcium channels, as well as alpha and beta adrenergic receptors. Because of its multiple actions, amiodarone causes QT prolongation but TdP is rarely ...
Sodium bicarbonate, as "bicarbonate of soda", was a frequent source of punch lines for Groucho Marx in Marx Brothers movies. In Duck Soup , Marx plays the leader of a nation at war. In one scene, he receives a message from the battlefield that his general is reporting a gas attack, and Groucho tells his aide: "Tell him to take a teaspoonful of ...