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For such purposes, doses should be evaluated in terms of absorbed dose (in gray, Gy), and where high-LET radiations (e.g., neutrons or alpha particles) are involved, an absorbed dose, weighted with an appropriate RBE, should be used" Radiation weighting factors are largely based on the RBE of radiation for stochastic health risks. However, for ...
The RBE is generally independent of LET for any LET less than 10 keV/μm, so a low LET is normally chosen as the reference condition where RBE is set to unity. Above 10 keV/μm, some systems show a decline in RBE with increasing LET, while others show an initial increase to a peak before declining.
Heavy ion therapy (e.g. carbon ions) makes use of the similarly high LET of 12 C 6+ ions. [5] [6] Because of the high LET, the relative radiation damage (relative biological effect or RBE) of fast neutrons is 4 times that of X-rays, [7] [8] meaning 1 rad of fast neutrons is equal to 4 rads of X-rays. The RBE of neutrons is also energy dependent ...
Radiation with higher LET and higher relative biological effectiveness (RBE) have a lower OER in mammalian cell tissues. [2] The value of the maximum OER varies from about 1–4. The maximum OER ranges from about 2–4 for low-LET radiations such as X-rays, beta particles and gamma rays, whereas the OER is unity for high-LET radiations such as ...
The primary advantage of alpha particle (α) emitters over other types of radioactive sources is their very high linear energy transfer (LET) and relative biological effectiveness (RBE). [5] Beta particle (β) emitters such as yttrium-90 can travel considerable distances beyond the immediate tissue before depositing their energy, while alpha ...
With Kylian Mbappé putting on a show again, Real Madrid returned to the top of the Spanish league. Mbappé continued his scoring streak with a brace as Madrid routed 10-man Las Palmas 4-1 on ...
That said, Vanessa Rissetto, R.D., co-founder of the virtual nutrition care service Culina Health, believes the FDA's move is a positive step forward."Early-stage cancers are on the rise across ...
No player has averaged more assists per game than Young's 9.7 since his NBA debut, a span of time in which he has averaged 25.2 points per game (12th in the NBA).