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W3C XML Schema is complex and hard to learn, although that is partially because it tries to do more than mere validation (see PSVI). Although being written in XML is an advantage, it is also a disadvantage in some ways. The W3C XML Schema language, in particular, can be quite verbose, while a DTD can be terse and relatively easily editable.
An XML Schema Definition is itself an XML document while a DTD is not. RELAX NG, which is also a part of DSDL, is an ISO international standard. [9] It is more expressive than XSD, [citation needed] while providing a simpler syntax, [citation needed] but commercial software support has been slow in coming.
XSD (XML Schema Definition), a recommendation of the World Wide Web Consortium , specifies how to formally describe the elements in an Extensible Markup Language document. It can be used by programmers to verify each piece of item content in a document, to assure it adheres to the description of the element it is placed in. [ 1 ]
This article lists the character entity references that are valid in HTML and XML documents. A character entity reference refers to the content of a named entity. An entity declaration is created in XML, SGML and HTML documents (before HTML5) by using the <!ENTITY name "value"> syntax in a Document type definition (DTD).
A document type declaration, or DOCTYPE, is an instruction that associates a particular XML or SGML document (for example, a web page) with a document type definition (DTD) (for example, the formal definition of a particular version of HTML 2.0 - 4.0). [1]
DDML - reformulations XML DTD ONIX for Books - ONline Information eXchange, developed and maintained by EDItEUR jointly with Book Industry Communication (UK) and the Book Industry Study Group (US), and with user groups in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain and the Republic of Korea.
RELAX NG compact syntax is a non-XML format inspired by extended Backus–Naur form and regular expressions, designed so that it can be unambiguously translated to its XML counterpart, and back again, with one-to-one correspondence in structure and meaning, in much the same way that Simple Outline XML (SOX) relates to XML.
The oldest schema language for XML is the document type definition (DTD), inherited from SGML. DTDs have the following benefits: DTD support is ubiquitous due to its inclusion in the XML 1.0 standard. DTDs are terse compared to element-based schema languages and consequently present more information in a single screen.