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Real-time bidding (RTB) is a means by which advertising inventory is bought and sold on a per-impression basis, via instantaneous programmatic auction, similar to financial markets. With real-time bidding, online advertising buyers bid on an impression and, if the bid is won, the buyer's ad is instantly displayed on the publisher's site. [ 2 ]
Such data is usually processed using real-time computing although it can also be stored for later or off-line data analysis. Real-time data is not the same as dynamic data. Real-time data can be dynamic (e.g. a variable indicating current location) or static (e.g. a fresh log entry indicating location at a specific time).
Bidding is used by various economic niches for determining the demand and hence the value of the article or property, in today's world of advanced technology, the Internet is a favoured platform for providing bidding facilities; it is a natural way of determining the price of a good in a free market economy.
Auction theory is a branch of applied economics that deals with how bidders act in auctions and researches how the features of auctions incentivise predictable outcomes. Auction theory is a tool used to inform the design of real-world auctions. Sellers use auction theory to raise higher revenues while allowing buyers to procure at a lower cost.
This is a list of bidding systems used in contract bridge. [1] [2] Systems listed have either had an historical impact on the development of bidding in the game or have been or are currently being used at the national or international levels of competition. Bidding systems are characterized as belonging to one of two broadly defined categories:
A Demsetz auction is a system which awards an exclusive contract to the agent bidding the lowest price named after Harold Demsetz. [23] This is sometimes referred to "competition for the field." It is in contrast to "competition in the field," which calls for two or more agents to be granted the contract and provide the good or service ...
A double auction is a process of buying and selling goods with multiple sellers and multiple buyers. [1] Potential buyers submit their bids and potential sellers submit their ask prices to the market institution, and then the market institution chooses some price p that clears the market: all the sellers who asked less than p sell and all buyers who bid more than p buy at this price p.
In education, a data system is a computer system that aims to provide educators with student data to help solve educational problems. [3] Examples of data systems include Student Information Systems (SISs), assessment systems, Instructional Management Systems (IMSs), and data-warehousing systems, but distinctions between different types of data systems are blurring as these separate systems ...