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Urodynamic testing or urodynamics is a study that assesses how the bladder and urethra are performing their job of storing and releasing urine. Urodynamic tests can help explain symptoms such as: incontinence [1] frequent urination; sudden, strong urges to urinate but nothing comes out; problems starting a urine stream; painful urination
Fluoroscopic spot images and videos are taken during the micturition phase to detect any reflux. The lower ureter is best seen on an anterior oblique position. In males, peeing should be done in oblique or lateral positions to visualise the whole of urethra. Finally, the whole abdomen is imaged to detect any undetected reflux in previous images.
Cystometry, also known as flow cystometry, is a clinical diagnostic procedure used to evaluate bladder function.Specifically, it measures contractile force of the bladder when voiding.
Specialized testing to further characterize the degree of urethral hypermobility may include urodynamic testing, voiding cystourethrography, pelvic ultrasound, and electromyography. [5] These modalities are only recommended for people who experience ongoing symptoms despite an adequate trial of pelvic floor muscle training.
Urethral retro-resistance pressure (URP) is a new clinical measure of urethral function measured by a new urodynamic measurement system. URP is the pressure required to achieve and maintain an open sphincter. [4]
Double dye test is useful for diagnosing vesicovaginal or ureterovaginal fistulae. For this test, the patient takes oral phenazopyridine (Pyridium) 200 mg three times a day, and indigo carmine or methylene blue is filled into the empty urinary bladder via a urethral catheter .
Urodynamic studies are an important component of the evaluation for neurogenic bladder. Urodynamics refers to the measurement of the pressure-volume relationship in the bladder. The bladder usually stores urine at low pressure and urination can be completed without a dramatic pressure rise.
A comparative study among patients implanted with different models of artificial urinary sphincter and achieved social continence showed no difference between two groups in regards of urodynamic tests, such as flow rate, urethral pressure, etc. [2] A randomised controlled trial found that the artificial urinary sphincter was non-inferior to the ...