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A natural number is a sociable factorion if it is a periodic point for , where = for a positive integer, and forms a cycle of period . A factorion is a sociable factorion with k = 1 {\displaystyle k=1} , and a amicable factorion is a sociable factorion with k = 2 {\displaystyle k=2} .
The polynomial x 2 + cx + d, where a + b = c and ab = d, can be factorized into (x + a)(x + b).. In mathematics, factorization (or factorisation, see English spelling differences) or factoring consists of writing a number or another mathematical object as a product of several factors, usually smaller or simpler objects of the same kind.
These include improper fractions as well as mixed numbers. Continued fraction: An expression obtained through an iterative process of representing a number as the sum of its integer part and the reciprocal of another number, then writing this other number as the sum of its integer part and another reciprocal, and so on.
To factorize a small integer n using mental or pen-and-paper arithmetic, the simplest method is trial division: checking if the number is divisible by prime numbers 2, 3, 5, and so on, up to the square root of n. For larger numbers, especially when using a computer, various more sophisticated factorization algorithms are more efficient.
If the approximate ratio of two factors (/) is known, then a rational number / can be picked near that value. N u v = c v ⋅ d u {\displaystyle Nuv=cv\cdot du} , and Fermat's method, applied to Nuv , will find the factors c v {\displaystyle cv} and d u {\displaystyle du} quickly.
A complex number can be visually represented as a pair of numbers (a, b) forming a vector on a diagram called an Argand diagram, representing the complex plane. Re is the real axis, Im is the imaginary axis, and i is the "imaginary unit", that satisfies i 2 = −1.
A rational number is a number that can be expressed as a fraction with an integer numerator and a positive integer denominator. Negative denominators are allowed, but are commonly avoided, as every rational number is equal to a fraction with positive denominator.
2. Denotes that a number is positive and is read as plus. Redundant, but sometimes used for emphasizing that a number is positive, specially when other numbers in the context are or may be negative; for example, +2. 3. Sometimes used instead of for a disjoint union of sets. − 1.