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x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) [note 1] is a 64-bit extension of the x86 instruction set architecture first announced in 1999. It introduces two new operating modes: 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new four-level paging mechanism.
The 64-bit extension created by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) to Intel's x86 architecture (later licensed by Intel); commonly termed x86-64, AMD64, or x64: AMD's AMD64 extensions (used in Athlon 64, Opteron, Sempron, Turion 64, Phenom, Athlon II, Phenom II, APU, FX, Ryzen, and Epyc processors)
In April 2003, AMD released the first x86 processor with 64-bit general-purpose registers, the Opteron, capable of addressing much more than 4 GB of virtual memory using the new x86-64 extension (also known as AMD64 or x64). The 64-bit extensions to the x86 architecture were enabled only in the newly introduced long mode, therefore 32-bit and ...
1 GB (x86) 2 GB (x64) 4 GB 16 GB (x86) 20 GB (x64) Super VGA (800x600), 32-bit color Windows Server 2016: 1.4 GHz 64-bit processor 512 MB ECC memory
The difference is the addition of the this pointer, ... x86-64: Microsoft x64 calling convention [21] Windows (Microsoft Visual C++, GCC, Intel C++ Compiler, Delphi ...
The x86-64 architecture further provides the special SWAPGS instruction, which allows swapping the kernel mode and user mode base addresses. For instance, Microsoft Windows on x86-64 uses the GS segment to point to the Thread Environment Block , a small data structure for each thread , which contains information about exception handling, thread ...
An x86-64 processor acts identically to an IA-32 processor when running in real mode or protected mode, which are supported modes when the processor is not in long mode.. A bit in the CPUID extended attributes field informs programs in real or protected modes if the processor can go to long mode, which allows a program to detect an x86-64 processor.
The x86 instruction set refers to the set of instructions that x86-compatible microprocessors support. The instructions are usually part of an executable program, often stored as a computer file and executed on the processor. The x86 instruction set has been extended several times, introducing wider registers and datatypes as well as new ...