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The SHARON (Single reactor system for High activity Ammonium Removal Over Nitrite) wastewater treatment process is a combination of two already used nitrogen removing reactions. One process utilizes fast growing nitrifiers utilizing nitrification of ammonia to nitrite and Anammox which is the denitrification of nitrite to atmospheric nitrogen ...
Since denitrification can remove NO 3 −, reducing its leaching to groundwater, it can be strategically used to treat sewage or animal residues of high nitrogen content. Denitrification can leak N 2 O, which is an ozone-depleting substance and a greenhouse gas that can have a considerable influence on global warming.
The reaction can be further divided into different half reactions each requiring a specific enzyme. The transformation from nitrate to nitrite is performed by nitrate reductase (Nar) NO 3 − + 2 H + + 2 e − → NO 2 − + H 2 O. Nitrite reductase (Nir) then converts nitrite into nitric oxide 2 NO 2 − + 4 H + + 2 e − → 2 NO + 2 H 2 O
The disadvantages of gas nitriding are: Reaction kinetics heavily influenced by surface condition – an oily surface or one contaminated with cutting fluids will deliver poor results; Surface activation is sometimes required to treat steels with a high chromium content – compare sputtering during plasma nitriding
The remaining half of the ammonium and the newly formed nitrite are converted in the anammox process to diatomic nitrogen gas and ~15 % nitrate (not shown) by anammox bacteria: NH + 4 + NO − 2 → N 2 + 2 H 2 O. Both processes can take place in 1 reactor where two guilds of bacteria form compact granules. [64] [65]
Nitrogen assimilation is the formation of organic nitrogen compounds like amino acids from inorganic nitrogen compounds present in the environment. Organisms like plants, fungi and certain bacteria that can fix nitrogen gas (N 2) depend on the ability to assimilate nitrate or ammonia for their needs.