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The reciprocal function: y = 1/x.For every x except 0, y represents its multiplicative inverse. The graph forms a rectangular hyperbola.. In mathematics, a multiplicative inverse or reciprocal for a number x, denoted by 1/x or x −1, is a number which when multiplied by x yields the multiplicative identity, 1.
The harmonic mean of a set of positive integers is the number of numbers times the reciprocal of the sum of their reciprocals. The optic equation requires the sum of the reciprocals of two positive integers a and b to equal the reciprocal of a third positive integer c. All solutions are given by a = mn + m 2, b = mn + n 2, c = mn.
Reciprocal polynomial, a polynomial obtained from another polynomial by reversing its coefficients; Reciprocal rule, a technique in calculus for calculating derivatives of reciprocal functions; Reciprocal spiral, a plane curve; Reciprocal averaging, a statistical technique for aggregating categorical data
An important application is Newton–Raphson division, which can be used to quickly find the reciprocal of a number a, using only multiplication and subtraction, that is to say the number x such that 1 / x = a. We can rephrase that as finding the zero of f(x) = 1 / x − a. We have f ′ (x) = − 1 / x 2 . Newton's ...
If the original random variable X is uniformly distributed on the interval (a,b), where a>0, then the reciprocal variable Y = 1 / X has the reciprocal distribution which takes values in the range (b −1,a −1), and the probability density function in this range is =, and is zero elsewhere.
Reciprocal polynomials arise naturally in linear algebra as the characteristic polynomial of the inverse of a matrix. In the special case where the field is the complex numbers, when = + + + +, the conjugate reciprocal polynomial, denoted p †, is defined by,
A prime p (where p ≠ 2, 5 when working in base 10) is called unique if there is no other prime q such that the period length of the decimal expansion of its reciprocal, 1/p, is equal to the period length of the reciprocal of q, 1/q. [8]
The ratio is called coefficient of proportionality (or proportionality constant) and its reciprocal is known as constant of normalization (or normalizing constant). Two sequences are inversely proportional if corresponding elements have a constant product, also called the coefficient of proportionality.