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Steady economic growth began in the 1890s, alongside a structural transformation of the Russian economy. [2] By the time World War I started, more than half the Russian economy was still devoted to agriculture. [2] By the early 20th century, the Russian economy had fallen further behind the American and British economies. [2]
Russia suffered from an economic and social crisis in the second half of the 16th century which led to famines, depopulation and the abandonment of agricultural lands. The economic crisis overlapped with the oprichnina and happened at the time when Russia waged the Livonian War .
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, there have been more frequent issues with hunger and food insecurity in Russia. [51] Both Russia and Ukraine were subject to a series of severe droughts from July 2010 to 2015. [52] The 2010 drought saw wheat production fall by 20% in Russia and subsequently resulted in a temporary ban on grain exports. [53]
The Russian economy was devastated by the war, with factories and bridges destroyed, cattle and raw materials pillaged, mines flooded and machines damaged. The droughts of 1920 and 1921, as well as the 1921 famine, worsened the disaster still further. Disease had reached pandemic proportions, with 3,000,000 dying of typhus alone in 1920 ...
The 1965 Soviet economic reform, sometimes called the Kosygin reform (Russian: Косыгинская реформа) or Liberman reform, named after E.G. Liberman, was a set of planned changes in the economy of the USSR. A centerpiece of these changes was the introduction of profitability and sales as the two key indicators of enterprise ...
The Russian economy risked going into recession from early 2014, mainly due to falling oil prices, sanctions, and the subsequent capital flight. [143] While in 2014 GDP growth remained positive at 0.6%, [144] in 2015 the Russian economy shrunk by 3.7% and was expected to shrink further in 2016. [145]
Russian imperialism is the political, economic and cultural influence, as well as military power, exerted by Russia and its predecessor states, over other countries and territories. It includes the conquests of the Tsardom of Russia , the Russian Empire , the imperialism of the Soviet Union , and the neo-imperialism of the Russian Federation.
Russia's GDP by purchasing power parity (PPP) from 1991 to 2019 (in international dollars) Russian male life expectancy from 1980 to 2007. With the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact and COMECON and other treaties that served to bind its satellite states to the Soviet Union, the conversion of the world's largest state-controlled economy into a market-oriented economy would have been ...