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World War II had a dramatic effect on Texas, as federal money poured in to build military bases, munitions factories, POW detention camps and Army hospitals. Over 750,000 Texans left for service; the cities exploded with new industry; the colleges took on new roles; and hundreds of thousands of poor farmers left for much better-paying war jobs ...
World War II resulted in labor shortages due to millions of people enlisting or being drafted into active military service. As a result, northern and western employers began recruiting southern blacks and whites to keep up with the nation's demands for the war effort .
Education Service Center Region 13 in Austin. In order to serve the numerous individual school districts and charter schools in Texas, Texas Education Agency (TEA) is divided into 20 regions, each containing an Educational Service Center, or ESC. These are also sometimes called Regional Service Centers, or RSC. The ESC's serve as a liaison ...
The American Schools at War program was a program during World War II run by the U.S. Treasury Department, in which schoolchildren set goals to sell stamps and bonds to help the war effort. The program was also administered by the U.S. Office of Education , the Federal government agency that interfaced with the nation's school systems and its ...
Social class is an important theme for historians of the United States for decades. The subject touches on many other elements of American history such as that of changing U.S. education, with greater education attainment leading to expanding household incomes for many social groups.
After World War II, the League of United Latin American Citizens filed a lawsuit in Texas to eliminate educational segregation of Mexican-American children in school systems. In June 1948, the federal court in Austin stated that this kind of segregation was unconstitutional because it violated the Fourteenth Amendment. [ 36 ]
The first railroad built in Texas is called the Harrisburg Railroad and opened for business in 1853. [21] In 1854, the Texas and Red River telegraph services were the first telegraph offices to open in Texas. [21] The Texas cotton industry in 1859 increased production by seven times compared to 1849, as 58,073 bales increased to 431,645 bales. [22]
Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States entered World War II to fight against Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Imperial Japan, known as the "Axis Powers". Italy surrendered in 1943, and Germany and Japan in 1945, after massive devastation and loss of life, while the US emerged far richer and with few casualties.