Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Thomson made the discovery around the same time that Walter Kaufmann and Emil Wiechert discovered the correct mass to charge ratio of these cathode rays (electrons). [ 35 ] The name "electron" was adopted for these particles by the scientific community, mainly due to the advocation by George Francis FitzGerald , Joseph Larmor , and Hendrik ...
Thomson himself was a physicist and his atomic model was a byproduct of his investigations of cathode rays, by which he discovered the negatively charged particles now known as electrons. Thomson hypothesized that the quantity, arrangement, and motions of electrons in the atom could explain its physical and chemical properties, such as emission ...
Thomson's measurement convinced him that cathode rays were particles, which were later identified as electrons, and he is generally credited with their discovery. The CODATA recommended value is −e/m e = −1.758 820 008 38 (55) × 10 11 C⋅kg −1. [2] CODATA refers to this as the electron charge-to-mass quotient, but ratio is still ...
Thomson further explained that ions are atoms that have a surplus or shortage of electrons. [53] Thomson's model is popularly known as the plum pudding model, based on the idea that the electrons are distributed throughout the sphere of positive charge with the same density as raisins in a plum pudding. Neither Thomson nor his colleagues ever ...
Such interaction between the light and free electrons is called Thomson scattering or linear Thomson scattering. [117] The relative strength of the electromagnetic interaction between two charged particles, such as an electron and a proton, is given by the fine-structure constant. This value is a dimensionless quantity formed by the ratio of ...
The Thomson problem also plays a role in the study of other physical models including multi-electron bubbles and the surface ordering of liquid metal drops confined in Paul traps. The generalized Thomson problem arises, for example, in determining arrangements of protein subunits that comprise the shells of spherical viruses. The "particles" in ...
The prevailing model of atomic structure before Rutherford's experiments was devised by J. J. Thomson. [1]: 123 Thomson had discovered the electron through his work on cathode rays [2] and proposed that they existed within atoms, and an electric current is electrons hopping from one atom to an adjacent one in a series.
The discovery of these particles required very different experimental methods from that of their ordinary matter counterparts, and provided evidence that all particles had antiparticles—an idea that is fundamental to quantum field theory, the modern mathematical framework for particle physics. In the case of most subsequent particle ...