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A common point of contention regarding Tier 1 networks is the concept of a regional Tier 1 network. A regional Tier 1 network is a network which is not transit-free globally, but which maintains many of the classic behaviors and motivations of a Tier 1 network within a specific region.
The company Level 3 Communications began to launch a line of dedicated Internet access and virtual private network services in 2011, giving large companies direct access to the tier 3 backbone. Connecting companies directly to the backbone will provide enterprises faster Internet service which meets a large market demand.
NSFNet Internet architecture, c. 1995. Internet exchange points began as Network Access Points or NAPs, a key component of Al Gore's National Information Infrastructure (NII) plan, which defined the transition from the US Government-paid-for NSFNET era (when Internet access was government sponsored and commercial traffic was prohibited) to the commercial Internet of today.
A transit free network uses only peering; a network that uses only unpaid peering and connects to the whole Internet is considered a Tier 1 network. [1] In the 1990s, the network access point concept provided one form of transit. [2] Pricing for the internet transit varies at different times and geographical locations. [3]
This is a list of Internet exchange points by size, measured by peak data rate , with additional data on location, establishment and average throughput. Generally only exchanges with more than ten gigabits per second peak throughput have been taken into consideration.
This is a list of Internet exchange points . There are several sources for IXP locations, including Packet Clearing House , who have maintained the earliest list of IXPs, with global coverage since 1994.