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  2. XNU - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XNU

    XNU ("X is Not Unix") is the computer operating system (OS) kernel developed at Apple Inc. since December 1996 for use in the Mac OS X (now macOS) operating system and released as free and open-source software as part of the Darwin OS, which, in addition to being the basis for macOS, is also the basis for Apple TV Software, iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, visionOS, and tvOS.

  3. macOS Sierra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS_Sierra

    macOS Sierra (version 10.12) [4] is the thirteenth major release of macOS (formerly known as OS X and Mac OS X), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers. The name "macOS" stems from the intention to unify the operating system's name with that of iOS, watchOS and tvOS.

  4. Kernel (operating system) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)

    To perform useful functions, processes need access to the peripherals connected to the computer, which are controlled by the kernel through device drivers. A device driver is a computer program encapsulating, monitoring and controlling a hardware device (via its Hardware/Software Interface (HSI)) on behalf of the OS. It provides the operating ...

  5. Comparison of operating system kernels - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_operating...

    A kernel is a component of a computer operating system. [1] A comparison of system kernels can provide insight into the design and architectural choices made by the developers of particular operating systems.

  6. Loadable kernel module - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loadable_kernel_module

    In computing, a loadable kernel module (LKM) is an object file that contains code to extend the running kernel, or so-called base kernel, of an operating system. LKMs are typically used to add support for new hardware (as device drivers ) and/or filesystems , or for adding system calls .

  7. Darwin (operating system) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darwin_(operating_system)

    The kernel of Darwin is XNU, a hybrid kernel which uses OSFMK 7.3 [14] (Open Software Foundation Mach Kernel) from the OSF, various elements of FreeBSD (including the process model, network stack, and virtual file system), [15] and an object-oriented device driver API called I/O Kit. [16]

  8. MkLinux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MkLinux

    MkLinux (for Microkernel Linux) is an open-source software computer operating system begun by the Open Software Foundation Research Institute [1] and Apple Computer [2] in February 1996, to port Linux to the PowerPC platform, and Macintosh computers.

  9. System Integrity Protection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Integrity_Protection

    Since OS X Yosemite, kernel extensions, such as drivers, have to be code-signed with a particular Apple entitlement. Developers have to request a developer ID with such an entitlement from Apple. [10] The kernel refuses to boot if unsigned extensions are present, showing the user a prohibition sign instead. This mechanism, called "kext signing ...