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  2. Carbon dioxide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide

    Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CO 2.It is made up of molecules that each have one carbon atom covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms. It is found in the gas state at room temperature, and as the source of available carbon in the carbon cycle, atmospheric CO 2 is the primary carbon source for life on Earth.

  3. Coal gasification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_gasification

    Coal gasification. In industrial chemistry, coal gasification is the process of producing syngas —a mixture consisting primarily of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and water vapour (H2O)—from coal and water, air and/or oxygen. Historically, coal was gasified to produce coal gas, also known as "town ...

  4. Water–gas shift reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water–gas_shift_reaction

    In the conversion of carbon dioxide to useful materials, the water–gas shift reaction is used to produce carbon monoxide from hydrogen and carbon dioxide. This is sometimes called the reverse water–gas shift reaction. [19] Water gas is defined as a fuel gas consisting mainly of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2).

  5. Sabatier reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabatier_reaction

    Sabatier reaction. The Sabatier reaction or Sabatier process produces methane and water from a reaction of hydrogen with carbon dioxide at elevated temperatures (optimally 300–400 °C) and pressures (perhaps 3 MPa [1]) in the presence of a nickel catalyst. It was discovered by the French chemists Paul Sabatier and Jean-Baptiste Senderens in 1897.

  6. Gasification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasification

    t. e. Gasification is a process that converts biomass - or fossil fuel -based carbonaceous materials into gases, including as the largest fractions: nitrogen (N 2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H 2), and carbon dioxide (CO 2). This is achieved by reacting the feedstock material at high temperatures (typically >700 °C), without combustion ...

  7. Van der Waals constants (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_der_Waals_constants...

    Van der Waals constants (data page) The following table lists the Van der Waals constants (from the Van der Waals equation) for a number of common gases and volatile liquids. [1] To convert from to , multiply by 100. To convert from to , divide by 10. To convert from to , divide by 1000. a (L 2 bar/mol 2)

  8. Carbon dioxide (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide_(data_page)

    The table below gives thermodynamic data of liquid CO 2 in equilibrium with its vapor at various temperatures. Heat content data, heat of vaporization, and entropy values are relative to the liquid state at 0 °C temperature and 3483 kPa pressure. To convert heat values to joules per mole values, multiply by 44.095 g/mol.

  9. Heat of combustion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_of_combustion

    By convention, the (higher) heat of combustion is defined to be the heat released for the complete combustion of a compound in its standard state to form stable products in their standard states: hydrogen is converted to water (in its liquid state), carbon is converted to carbon dioxide gas, and nitrogen is converted to nitrogen gas.