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The first Islamic State, also known as State of Medina[2] was the first Islamic state established by Islamic prophet Muhammad in Medina in 622 CE under the Constitution of Medina. It represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). After Muhammad's death, his companions known as the Rightly Guided Caliphs (Rashidun) founded the ...
Muhammad. The Migration to Abyssinia (Arabic: الهجرة إلى الحبشة, al-hijra ʾilā al-habaša), also known as the First Hijrah (Arabic: هِجْرَة hijrah), was an episode in the early history of Islam, where Muhammad 's first followers (the Sahabah) fled from the persecution of the ruling Quraysh tribe of Mecca.
Muhammad, the final Islamic prophet, was born and lived in Mecca for the first 53 years of his life (c. 570–622 CE) until the Hijra. This period of his life is characterized by his proclamation of prophethood. Muhammad's father, Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib, died before he was born. His mother would raise him until he was six years old ...
3,000 infantry, 30 horsemen. Unknown [1] Casualties and losses. 2 killed [1] 600–900 killed (al-Tabari, Ibn Hisham) [1][2][4] 400 (Al-Tirmidi) The siege of Banu Qurayza took place in Dhul Qa‘dah during January of 627 CE (5 AH) and followed on from the Battle of the Trench. [5][1] This stories' earliest record is through Ibn Ishaq, which ...
In 622, Muhammad migrated to Medina after successfully negotiating with the Khazraj—to which his great-grandmother belonged [7] —and the Aws to mediate their tribal conflicts in the city. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] Previously, in Mecca , tensions had arisen between Muhammad and the Quraysh following his attacks on their faith after they had previously ...
The conquest of Mecca (Arabic: فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ Fatḥu Makkah, alternatively, "liberation of Mecca") was a military campaign undertaken by Muhammad and his companions during the Muslim–Quraysh War. They led the early Muslims in an advance on the Quraysh -controlled city of Mecca in December 629 or January 630 [3][4] (10–20 ...
Battle of Uhud. The Battle of Uhud (Arabic: غزوة أحد, romanized: Ghazwat ʾUḥud) was fought between the early Muslims and the Quraysh during the Muslim–Quraysh wars in a valley north of Mount Uhud near Medina on Saturday, 23 March 625 AD (7 Shawwal, 3 AH). After suffering defeat at the Battle of Badr and having their caravans ...
Under the Islamic prophet Muhammad, beginning in 622, and the first three caliphs, Abu Bakr (r. 632–634), Umar (r. 634–644) and Uthman (r. 644–656), Medina served as the capital of the early Muslim state, which by Uthman's time came to rule over an empire spanning Arabia, most of the Persian Sasanian Empire and the Byzantine territories of Syria and Egypt.