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As of September 2024, there have been 106 [1] amendments of the Constitution of India since it was first enacted in 1950. [2]There are three types of amendments to the Constitution of India of which the second and third types of amendments are governed by Article 368.
The Supreme Court, by thin majority of 6:5, held that a constitutional amendment under Article 368 of the Constitution was an ordinary 'law' within the meaning of Article 13(3) of the Constitution. The majority did not believe there was any difference between ordinary legislative power of the parliament and the inherent constituent power of ...
v. t. e. Amending the Constitution of India is the process of making changes to the nation's fundamental law or supreme law. The procedure of amendment in the constitution is laid down in Part XX (Article 368) of the Constitution of India. This procedure ensures the sanctity of the Constitution of India and keeps a check on arbitrary power of ...
Status: In force. The Twenty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution (Twenty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1971, enables Parliament to dilute Fundamental Rights through Amendments of the Constitution. It also amended article 368 to provide expressly that Parliament has power to amend any provision of the ...
Despite the supermajority requirement for amendments to pass, the Indian constitution is the world's most frequently-amended national governing document. [60] The constitution is so specific in spelling out government powers that many amendments address issues dealt with by statute in other democracies.
This was done by amending articles 13 and 368 to exclude amendments made under article 368, from article 13's prohibition of any law abridging or taking away any of the Fundamental Rights. [12] Chief Justice Koka Subba Rao writing for the majority held that: A law to amend the constitution is a law for the purposes of Article 13.
t. e. The 39th Amendment of the Constitution of India, enacted on 10 August 1975, placed the election of the President, the Vice President, the Prime Minister and the Speaker of the Lok Sabha beyond the scrutiny of the Indian courts. It was passed during the Emergency of 1975–1977. [1] It was moved by the Congress government headed by Indira ...
The Supreme Court had held that the power of Parliament to diminish the area of a state as guaranteed in article 3 of the Constitution does not cover cession of the Indian territory to a foreign country. Hence, Indian territory can be ceded to a foreign country only by means of amendment of the Constitution under the Article 368.