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A global wave of cyberattacks and data breaches began in January 2021 after four zero-day exploits were discovered in on-premises Microsoft Exchange Servers, giving attackers full access to user emails and passwords on affected servers, administrator privileges on the server, and access to connected devices on the same network.
Microsoft Exchange Server uses a proprietary remote procedure call (RPC) protocol called MAPI/RPC, [13] which was designed to be used by Microsoft Outlook. Clients capable of using the proprietary features of Exchange Server include Evolution, [14] Hiri and Microsoft Outlook. Thunderbird can access Exchange server via the Owl Plugin. [15]
Initial release: May 23, 1997. Introduced the new Exchange Administrator console, as well as opening up "integrated" access to SMTP-based networks for the first time.. Unlike Microsoft Mail (which required a standalone SMTP relay), Exchange Server 5.0 could, with the help of an add-in called the Internet Mail Connector, communicate directly with servers using
Extensible Storage Engine (ESE), also known as JET Blue, is an ISAM (indexed sequential access method) data storage technology from Microsoft. ESE is the core of Microsoft Exchange Server, Active Directory, and Windows Search. It is also used by a number of Windows components including Windows Update client and Help and Support Center.
MAPI uses functions loosely based on the X.400 XAPIA standard. It includes facilities to access message transports, message stores, and directories.. While Simple MAPI (SMAPI) is a subset of 12 functions which enable developers to add basic messaging functionality, Extended MAPI (EMAPI) allows complete control over the messaging system on the client computer.
Microsoft named Hafnium as the group responsible for the 2021 Microsoft Exchange Server data breach, and alleged they were "state-sponsored and operating out of China". [3] [4] According to Microsoft, they are based in China but primarily use United States-based virtual private servers, [6] and have targeted "infectious disease researchers, law firms, higher education institutions, defense ...
Microsoft Forefront Unified Access Gateway (UAG) is a discontinued software suite that provides secure remote access to corporate networks for remote employees and business partners. Its services include reverse proxy, virtual private network (VPN), DirectAccess and Remote Desktop Services. UAG was released in 2010, and is the successor for ...
Exchange ActiveSync (commonly known as EAS) is a proprietary protocol designed for the synchronization of email, contacts, calendar, tasks, and notes from a messaging server to a smartphone or other mobile devices. The protocol also provides mobile device management and policy controls. The protocol is based on XML.