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The 126 bones of the appendicular skeleton and the 80 bones of the axial skeleton together form the complete skeleton of 206 bones in the human body. Unlike the axial skeleton, the appendicular skeleton is made up of significantly more long bones and predominantly articulated via synovial joints, which allow for a much greater range of motion.
The human skeleton is composed of both fused and individual bones supported by ligaments, tendons, muscles and cartilage. It is a complex structure with two distinct divisions; the axial skeleton, which includes the vertebral column, and the appendicular skeleton. [6]
The pectoral girdles are to the upper limbs as the pelvic girdle is to the lower limbs; the girdles are the part of the appendicular skeleton that anchor the appendages to the axial skeleton. In humans, the only true anatomical joints between the shoulder girdle and the axial skeleton are the sternoclavicular joints on each side.
The bone mass in the skeleton makes up about 14% of the total body weight (ca. 10–11 kg for an average person) and reaches maximum mass between the ages of 25 and 30. [2] The human skeleton can be divided into the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton.
The appendicular skeleton Chapter Wikipedia article References and notes The appendicular skeleton: Introduction-- The pectoral girdle: Shoulder girdle: Added image and caption, Diff: Bones of the upper limb: Humerus fracture: Added an image showing types of major humerus fractures, Diff: The pelvic girdle and pelvis: Pelvis
While some investigations suggest a possible beneficial effect of mesenchymal stem cells on heart and kidney reperfusion injury, [10] [11] to date, none have explored the role of stem cells in muscle tissue exposed to ischemia-reperfusion injury.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to human anatomy: . Human anatomy is the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human.It is subdivided into gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy.
In human anatomy, the metacarpal bones or metacarpus, also known as the "palm bones", are the appendicular bones that form the intermediate part of the hand between the phalanges and the carpal bones (wrist bones), which articulate with the forearm. The metacarpal bones are homologous to the metatarsal bones in the foot.