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  2. Four-point flexural test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-point_flexural_test

    In the 4-point bending test, the specimen is placed on two supports and loaded in the middle by a test punch with two loading points. This results in a constant bending moment between the two supports. Consequently, a shear-free zone is created, where the specimen is subjected only to bending.

  3. Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoshenko–Ehrenfest_beam...

    The Timoshenko–Ehrenfest beam theory was developed by Stephen Timoshenko and Paul Ehrenfest [1] [2] [3] early in the 20th century. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The model takes into account shear deformation and rotational bending effects, making it suitable for describing the behaviour of thick beams, sandwich composite beams , or beams subject to high ...

  4. Section modulus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_modulus

    The plastic section modulus is used to calculate a cross-section's capacity to resist bending after yielding has occurred across the entire section. It is used for determining the plastic, or full moment, strength and is larger than the elastic section modulus, reflecting the section's strength beyond the elastic range.

  5. Shear and moment diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_and_moment_diagram

    Likewise the normal convention for a positive bending moment is to warp the element in a "u" shape manner (Clockwise on the left, and counterclockwise on the right). Another way to remember this is if the moment is bending the beam into a "smile" then the moment is positive, with compression at the top of the beam and tension on the bottom. [1]

  6. Moment distribution method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_distribution_method

    Step 3: The unbalanced moment at joint C now is the summation of the fixed end moments , and the carryover moment from joint B. As in the previous step, this unbalanced moment is distributed to each member and then carried over to joint D and back to joint B. Joint D is a fixed support and carried-over moments to this joint will not be ...

  7. Moment-area theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment-Area_Theorem

    The moment-area theorem is an engineering tool to derive the slope, rotation and deflection of beams and frames. This theorem was developed by Mohr and later stated namely by Charles Ezra Greene in 1873.

  8. Flexural rigidity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexural_rigidity

    Although the moment () and displacement generally result from external loads and may vary along the length of the beam or rod, the flexural rigidity (defined as ) is a property of the beam itself and is generally constant for prismatic members. However, in cases of non-prismatic members, such as the case of the tapered beams or columns or ...

  9. Conjugate beam method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_beam_method

    Consequently, from Theorems 1 and 2, the conjugate beam must be supported by a pin or a roller, since this support has zero moment but has a shear or end reaction. When the real beam is fixed supported, both the slope and displacement are zero. Here the conjugate beam has a free end, since at this end there is zero shear and zero moment.