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Half Louis d’or of Louis XIII (1643) [nb 2] The Louis d'or (a gold coin) replaced the franc which had been in circulation (in theory) since John II.In actual practice the principal gold coin circulating in France in the earlier 17th century had been Spanish: the 6.7-gram double escudo or "doubloon", of which the Louis d'or was an explicit copy.
The coins were originally minted in two denominations, 20 and 40 francs for Napoléon Bonaparte. The 40-franc gold piece did not become popular. [8] The 20 franc coins are 21 mm in diameter (about the size of a U.S. five-cent piece or a Swiss 20 Rappen coin), weigh 6.45 grams (gross weight) and; at 90% pure, contain 0.1867 troy ounces (5.807 g) of pure gold.
The LMU adopted the specifications of the French gold franc, which had been introduced by Napoleon I in 1803 and was struck in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 40, 50 and 100 francs, with the 20 franc coin (6.45161 grams or 99.5636 grains of .900 fine gold struck on a 21-millimetre or 0.83-inch planchet) being the most common.
The Spanish dollar was the model for the Louis d'Argent – 9 to a French Mark (244.752 g) of silver, 11 ⁄ 12 fine (hence 24.93 g fine silver), and valued at 3 livres tournois. The Spanish doubloon or two-escudo coin was the model for the Louis d'Or – 36 + 1 ⁄ 4 to a French Mark of gold, 11 ⁄ 12 fine (hence 6.189 g fine gold), and ...
A hallmark is an official mark or series of marks struck on items made of metal, mostly to certify the content of noble metals—such as platinum, gold, silver and in some nations, palladium. In a more general sense, the term hallmark is used to refer to any standard of quality.
The word mark comes from a merging of three Germanic words, Latinised in 9th-century post-classical Latin as marca, marcha, marha or marcus. [1] It was a measure of weight mainly for gold and silver, commonly used throughout Europe and often equivalent to 8 troy ounces (250 g). Considerable variations, however, occurred throughout the Middle ...
An agnel, aignel, agnel d'or or mouton d’or (English lamb, gold lamb, gold sheep) was a French gold coin, introduced by Louis IX of France through an ordinance on 24 November 1226. [1] [2] However, the first known examples were struck under Philip the Fair from 26 January 1311 onwards. [1] Agnels were minted in nearby states as well.
In 1726 it was first issued at issued 8.3 to a French Mark of silver, 11/12 fine (or 27.03 g fine silver), and valued at 6₶. The silver écu was further broken down into a 1 ⁄ 8 value coin ( huitième d'écu ), a 1 ⁄ 4 value coin (the quart d'écu ) and a 1 ⁄ 2 value coin (the demi-écu ).