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Chloroethane is produced by hydrochlorination of ethylene: [11]. C 2 H 4 + HCl → C 2 H 5 Cl. At various times in the past, chloroethane has also been produced from ethanol and hydrochloric acid, from ethane and chlorine, or from ethanol and phosphorus trichloride, but these routes are no longer economical.
In the laboratory it is occasionally used as a source of chlorine, with elimination of ethene and chloride. Via several steps, 1,2-dichloroethane is a precursor to 1,1,1-trichloroethane . Historically, before leaded petrol was phased out, chloroethanes were used as an additive in petrol to prevent lead buildup in engines.
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This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
Ethylene chloride is a chemical name that can refer to either of the following compounds: 1,2-dichloroethane: formula C 2 H 4 Cl 2: vinyl chloride: formula C 2 H 3 Cl
Here ethyl chloride reacts with potassium hydroxide, typically in a solvent such as ethanol, giving ethylene. Likewise, 1-chloropropane and 2-chloropropane give propene. Zaitsev's rule helps to predict regioselectivity for this reaction type.
Chloroethane (ethyl chloride) C 2 H 5 Cl: 75-00-3: 64.5 [7] 12.3 [8] 187.28 [9] 5,268 [9] HFC: R-161: Fluoroethane: C 2 H 5 F: 353-36-6: 0.3 [3] 0 [d] 4 [5] 48.1 [7] 102.22 [9] 4,702 [9] HC: R-170: Ethane: C 2 H 6 or CH 3 CH 3: 74-84-0: 58 days [22] < 0(smog) [e] 5.5 [3] – 10.2 [22] 1,000 [11] A3 [11] 7,000 [11] 8.7 [11] 30.07 [7] −88.6 [8 ...
Tetraethyllead was produced from ethyl chloride and a sodium–lead alloy: [11] [12] 4 NaPb + 4 CH 3 CH 2 Cl → Pb(CH 3 CH 2 ) 4 + 4 NaCl + 3 Pb Reductive dechlorination is rarely useful in chemical synthesis, but is a key step in the biodegradation of several organochlorine persistent pollutants .