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A pancreatic pseudocyst is a circumscribed collection of fluid rich in pancreatic enzymes, blood, and non-necrotic tissue, typically located in the lesser sac of the abdomen. Pancreatic pseudocysts are usually complications of pancreatitis , [ 5 ] although in children they frequently occur following abdominal trauma .
The system allows an endoscopist to access walled-off necrosis and symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts by means of a transduodenal or a trans gastric approach to then place the AXIOS stent. [49] This was the first system of its kind in the United States and is currently the only minimally invasive approach that entirely streamlines the process ...
Late complications include recurrent pancreatitis and the development of pancreatic pseudocysts—collections of pancreatic secretions that have been walled off by scar tissue. These may cause pain, become infected, rupture and bleed, block the bile duct and cause jaundice , or migrate around the abdomen.
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas.Causes include a gallstone impacted in the common bile duct or the pancreatic duct, heavy alcohol use, systemic disease, trauma, elevated calcium levels, hypertriglyceridemia (with triglycerides usually being very elevated, over 1000 mg/dL), certain medications, hereditary causes and, in children, mumps.
Most commonly, it is used in contradistinction to a "walled-off" pus-filled collection , although a phlegmon may progress to an abscess if untreated. A phlegmon can localize anywhere in the body. [1] The Latin term phlegmōn is from Ancient Greek φλέγω (phlégō) 'burn'.
Pancreatic abscess is a late complication of acute necrotizing pancreatitis, occurring more than 4 weeks after the initial attack. A pancreatic abscess is a collection of pus resulting from tissue necrosis, liquefaction, and infection. It is estimated that approximately 3% of the patients with acute pancreatitis will develop an abscess. [1]
Cullen's sign is superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus.. It is named for gynecologist Thomas Stephen Cullen (1869–1953), [1] who first described the sign in ruptured ectopic pregnancy in 1916.
I. Pancreatic imaging studies show diffuse narrowing of the main pancreatic duct with irregular wall (more than 1/3 of length of the entire pancreas). II. Laboratory data demonstrate abnormally elevated levels of serum gamma globulin and/or IgG , or the presence of autoantibodies .