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First attested in English in the late 19th century, the Italian word timpani derives from the Latin tympanum (pl. tympana), which is the latinisation of the Greek word τύμπανον (tumpanon, pl. tumpana), 'a hand drum', [3] which in turn derives from the verb τύπτω (tuptō), meaning 'to strike, to hit'. [4]
The timpani was first introduced to the court orchestras and opera ensembles as well as in larger church works. [7] Due to this move indoors, a much more formalized way of playing and approaching the timpani was developed. The old practice of learning parts by rote gave way to written music and composers began writing more regularly for the ...
Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. The list can never be complete: some terms are common, and others are used only occasionally, and new ones are coined from time to time. Some composers prefer terms from their own language rather than the standard terms listed here.
A cadenza, for both timpani, opens the final movement. Occasionally it is set aside as a separate section of the concerto, but on most recordings, it is featured as part of the third movement. During the cadenza, both timpani engage in exchanges, whose character range from almost inaudible to deafeningly loud.
A timpani concerto is piece of music written for timpani with orchestral or band accompaniment. It is usually in three parts or movements . The first timpani concertos were written in the Baroque and Classical periods of music.
Percussion instruments, such as the timpani, snare drum, bass drum, cymbals, triangle, tambourine, tam-tam and mallet percussion instruments Other instruments such as the piano , harpsichord , pipe organ , and celesta may sometimes appear in a fifth keyboard section or may stand alone as soloist instruments, as may the concert harp and, for ...
The version for strings and timpani was first performed in a broadcast on 1 January 1939 by the Radio Orchestra conducted by the composer, as the only recorded example of the composer interpreting one of his own works. [3] He maintained a slow tempo professionally, with "unforced rubato", [3] creating a solemn, singing string sound.
In some forms of English, the word "symphony" is also used to refer to the orchestra, the large ensemble that often performs these works. The word "symphony" appears in the name of many orchestras, for example, the London Symphony Orchestra , the Boston Symphony Orchestra , the St. Louis Symphony , the Houston Symphony , or Miami's New World ...