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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, nonfermentative, Gram-negative bacterium.It is an uncommon bacterium and human infection is difficult to treat. [1] Initially classified as Bacterium bookeri, [2] then renamed Pseudomonas maltophilia, S. maltophilia was also grouped in the genus Xanthomonas before eventually becoming the type species of the genus Stenotrophomonas in 1993.
Stenotrophomonas spp. metabolize a large range of organic compounds present in the rhizosphere, including phenolic compounds found in plant root exudates. S. maltophilia can degrade p ‑nitrophenol and 4‑chlorophenol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons , selenium compounds, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xenobiotics.
The division was in accordance with CSIs that were found specifically for all members of the emended Xanthomonadales order, providing support for the currently accepted taxonomy. All other species were transferred to Nevskiales , which did not share CSIs with Xanthomonadales, but remain close relatives within the Gammaproteobacteria . [ 10 ]
The aspergillosis cases were detected at University Crosshouse Hospital in Kilmarnock earlier this year.
For example, L. enzymogenes strain C3 (erroneously identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) has been reported to control foliar diseases such as leaf spot of tall fescue caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, [45] bean rust caused by Uromyces appendiculatus [46] and Fusarium head blight of wheat. [47]
It is also found that DSF makes different species have a higher virulence when it is shared. This is found when Burkholderia cenocepacia and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia's diffusible signal factor is received by Pseudomonas aeruginosa which makes the bacteria more resistant to antibiotics in cystic fibrous airways. [4]
Burkholderia cepacia is also found in marine environments (marine sponges) and some strains of Burkholderia cepacia can tolerate high salinity. [8] S.I. Paul et al. (2021) [8] isolated and biochemically characterized salt tolerant strains of Burkholderia cepacia from marine sponges of Saint Martin's Island of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. [8]
Xanthomonas spp. are evolutionary linked to opportunistic human pathogen Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, that was previously called Xanthomonas maltophilia. [12] There is a proposal to reorganize Xanthomonas banana and maize/corn pathotypes along the lines of the most recent phylogenetic data. [13]