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A logical graph is a special type of graph-theoretic structure in any one of several systems of graphical syntax that Charles Sanders Peirce developed for logic.. In his papers on qualitative logic, entitative graphs, and existential graphs, Peirce developed several versions of a graphical formalism, or a graph-theoretic formal language, designed to be interpreted for logic.
In contrast, diagrammatology is currently the term of choice for the arts and humanities, where it is closely associated with Charles Sanders Peirce's work on diagrammatic reasoning. In the introduction to his seminal 2011 work "Diagrammatology", Frederik Stjernfelt describes the reasoning behind his use of the term:
Even though Charles Sanders Peirce, a founder of semiotics, believed that all reasoning was diagrammatic, the relation, if any, of the characteristica to his existential graphs and to semiotics has yet to be explored in the English literature. Several aspects of logical positivism, specifically:
Defeasible reasoning – Reasoning that is rationally compelling, though not deductively valid – from authority: if p then (defeasibly) q; Diagrammatic reasoning – reasoning by the mean of visual representations – reasoning by means of visual representations. Visualizing concepts and ideas with of diagrams and imagery instead of by ...
Reasoning mechanisms are based on graph notions, basically the classical notion of graph homomorphism; this allows, in particular, to link basic reasoning problems to other fundamental problems in computer science (e.g., problems concerning conjunctive queries in relational databases, or constraint satisfaction problems).
Diagrammatic visualization using IBIS notation is often called issue mapping. [2]: ix IBIS was invented by Werner Kunz and Horst Rittel in the 1960s. According to Kunz and Rittel, "Issue-Based Information Systems (IBIS) are meant to support coordination and planning of political decision processes.
Dealing with the failure of formal reduction of informal argumentation, English speaking argumentation theory developed diagrammatic approaches to informal reasoning over a period of fifty years. Monroe Beardsley proposed a form of argument diagram in 1950. [12]
A concept map or conceptual diagram is a diagram that depicts suggested relationships between concepts. [1] Concept maps may be used by instructional designers, engineers, technical writers, and others to organize and structure knowledge.