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e. In the United States, abolitionism, the movement that sought to end slavery in the country, was active from the colonial era until the American Civil War, the end of which brought about the abolition of American slavery, except as punishment for a crime, through the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (ratified 1865).
suffragist. author. editor. diplomat. Signature. Frederick Douglass (born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, c. February 14, 1818 [a] – February 20, 1895) was an American social reformer, abolitionist, orator, writer, and statesman. He became the most important leader of the movement for African-American civil rights in the 19th century.
Signature. John Brown (May 9, 1800 – December 2, 1859) was an American evangelist who was a prominent leader in the American abolitionist movement in the decades preceding the Civil War. First reaching national prominence in the 1850s for his radical abolitionism and fighting in Bleeding Kansas, Brown was captured, tried, and executed by the ...
Elizabeth Van Lew. Elizabeth Van Lew (October 12, 1818 – September 25, 1900) was an American abolitionist, Southern Unionists, and philanthropist who recruited and acted as the primary handler an extensive spy ring for the Union Army in the Confederate capital of Richmond during the American Civil War. Many false claims continue to be made ...
Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross, c. March 1822 [1] – March 10, 1913) was an American abolitionist and social activist. [2] [3] After escaping slavery, Tubman made some 13 missions to rescue approximately 70 enslaved people, including her family and friends, [4] using the network of antislavery activists and safe houses known collectively as the Underground Railroad.
Battles/wars. American Civil War. Spouse (s) Catherine A. Richards. Martin Robison Delany (May 6, 1812 – January 24, 1885) was an American abolitionist, journalist, physician, military officer and writer who was arguably the first proponent of black nationalism. [1][2] Delany is credited with the Pan-African slogan of "Africa for Africans." [3]
Hezekiah Ford Douglas (c. 1831 – 11 November 1865), commonly known as H. Ford Douglas (often spelled "Douglass" on government documents and in newspapers), was an abolitionist who promoted African-American emigration. [1] He was a traveling speaker, political organizer, and newspaper proprietor. [2] He later became the only black officer to ...
e. John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry[nb 1] was an effort by abolitionist John Brown, from October 16 to 18, 1859, to initiate a slave revolt in Southern states by taking over the United States arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (since 1863, West Virginia). It has been called the dress rehearsal for, or tragic prelude to, the American Civil War ...