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Iron supplements encourage erythropoiesis to increase red blood cell (RBC) production and oxygen transportation in the circulating system.The transportation of non-heme iron across the apical membrane is through divalent metal transporter 1(DMT1) while that of heme iron is through heme carrier protein 1(HCP1) in the small intestine.
A positive dipstick result for blood could signify the presence of red blood cells, hemoglobin, or myoglobin, and therefore requires microscopic analysis for confirmation. [143] Intact red blood cells will normally be observed under the microscope if present, but they may lyse in dilute or alkaline samples. [97]
A defect of the enzyme results in the premature breakdown of red blood cells. This destruction of red blood cells is called hemolysis. [6] Red blood cell breakdown may be triggered by infections, certain medication, stress, or foods such as fava beans. [1] [3] Depending on the specific mutation the severity of the condition may vary. [2]
A low hematocrit level is a sign of a low red blood cell count. One way to increase the ability of oxygen transport in red blood cells is through blood transfusion, which is carried out typically when the red blood cell count is low. Prior to the blood transfusion, hematocrit levels are measured to help ensure the transfusion is necessary and safe.
Megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B 12 deficiency is characterized by red blood cells that are larger than normal and are unable to deliver oxygen to the body's organs. [7] [8] The clinical case indicates an altered synthesis of DNA, in which vitamin B 12 is essential for the production and maturation of red blood cells in the bone marrow. [8]
The production of red blood cells (or erythropoeisis) in the body is regulated by erythropoietin, which is a protein produced by the kidneys in response to poor oxygen delivery. [14] As a result, more erythropoeitin is produced to encourage red blood cell production and increase oxygen-carrying capacity.
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