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Peduncular hallucinosis (PH) is a rare neurological phenomenon that causes vivid visual hallucinations that typically occur in dark environments and last for several minutes. Unlike some other kinds of hallucinations, the hallucinations that patients with PH experience are very realistic, and often involve people and environments that are ...
Shadow people are commonly reported by people under the effects of deliriant substances such as datura, diphenhydramine, and benzydamine. Finally, visual hallucinations, such as those caused by schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, may appear to be shadowy figures at the edge of peripheral vision. [19]
The content of hallucinations varies as well. Preliminary research has found that most individuals had multiple types of visual hallucinations. [15] Scenes involving people and/or animals were the most common, followed by simple geometric images. [2] Complex (formed) visual hallucinations are more common than Simple (non-formed) visual ...
Closed-eye hallucinations and closed-eye visualizations (CEV) are hallucinations that occur when one's eyes are closed or when one is in a darkened room. They should not be confused with phosphenes, perceived light and shapes when pressure is applied to the eye's retina, or some other non-visual external cause stimulates the eye.
Contrast is a feature of visual stimuli that characterizes the difference in brightness between dark and light regions of an image. Perception of contrast is affected by the temporal frequency and spatial frequency properties of a stimulus, and the sensitivity to contrast in sine wave stimuli is characterized by the contrast sensitivity function.
Illusory palinopsia is often worse with high stimulus intensity and contrast ratio in a dark adapted state.Multiple types of illusory palinopsia often co-exist in a patient and occur with other diffuse, persistent illusory symptoms such as halos around objects, dysmetropsia (micropsia, macropsia, pelopsia, or teleopsia), Alice in Wonderland Syndrome, visual snow, and oscillopsia.
Visual snow is a phenomenon where a person perceives visual disturbances, such as fine graininess or "static," in their field of vision. This can occur in low-light conditions, in the dark, or when the visual system amplifies light perception.
It can be seen by shining the beam of a small bright light through the pupil from the periphery of a subject's vision. This results in an image of the light being focused on the periphery of the retina. Light from this spot then casts shadows of the blood vessels (which lie on top of the retina) onto unadapted portions of the retina.