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The discovery of the ordered sphere structure of precious opal led to its synthesis by Pierre Gilson in 1974. [9] The resulting material is distinguishable from natural opal by its regularity; under magnification, the patches of color are seen to be arranged in a "lizard skin" or "chicken wire" pattern.
Opalescence or play of color is an optical phenomenon associated with the mineraloid gemstone opal, [1] a hydrated silicon dioxide. [2] This effect appears as a milky, translucent glow that changes with the angle of light, often creating a soft, pearly sheen that can display various colors or hues.
The opal in this bracelet contains a natural periodic microstructure responsible for its iridescent color. It is essentially a natural photonic crystal. Wings of some butterflies contain photonic crystals. [1] [2] A photonic crystal is an optical nanostructure in which the refractive index changes periodically.
Examples of iridescence include soap bubbles, feathers, butterfly wings and seashell nacre, and minerals such as opal. Pearlescence is a related effect where some or most of the reflected light is white. The term pearlescent is used to describe certain paint finishes, usually in the automotive industry, which actually produce iridescent effects.
Aquamarine is a pale-blue to light-green variety of the beryl family, [2] with its name relating to water and sea. [3] The color of aquamarine can be changed by heat, with a goal to enhance its physical appearance (though this practice is frowned upon by collectors and jewelers). [4] It is the birth stone of March. [5]
Menilite Menilite. Menilite is a greyish-brown form of the mineraloid opal. [1] It is also known as liver opal or leberopal (German), due to its color. It is called menilite because it was first described from Ménilmontant (), France, [1] where it occurs as concretions within bituminous Early Oligocene Menilite Shales.
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Opalite is a trade name for synthetic opalescent glass and various opal and moonstone simulants. Other names for this glass product include argenon, sea opal, opal moonstone, and other similar names. [1] [2] It is also used to promote impure varieties of variously colored common opal. [1]