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Main schools of thought within Sunni Islam, and other prominent streams. Sunnī Islam contains numerous schools of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) and schools of Islamic theology (ʿaqīdah). [1] In terms of religious jurisprudence , Sunnism contains several schools of thought : [1]
Global Islamic movements have at times drawn on different madhhabs and at other times placed greater focus on the scriptural sources rather than classical jurisprudence. The Hanbali school, with its particularly strict adherence to the Quran and hadith, has inspired conservative currents of direct scriptural interpretation. [2]
Schools of Islamic theology are various Islamic schools and branches in different schools of thought regarding creed. The main schools of Islamic theology include the extant Mu'tazili , Ash'ari , Maturidi , and Athari schools; the extinct ones include the Qadari , Jahmi , Murji' , and Batini schools.
The four Sunni Imams founded the four madhhab (schools of thought) recognized in Sunni Islam.While they agree on the foundational principles of fiqh according to the Sunni narrative, their interpretations of certain legal and practical matters differ, which led to the development of the four distinct madhhab.
The Hanafi school [a] or Hanafism is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. It developed from the teachings of the jurist and theologian Abu Hanifa ( c. 699–767 CE ), who systemised the use of reasoning ( ra'y ).
The Maliki school or Malikism (Arabic: ٱلْمَذْهَب ٱلْمَالِكِيّ, romanized: al-madhhab al-mālikī) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. [1] It was founded by Malik ibn Anas (c. 711–795 CE) in the 8th century.
Under Salah al-Din, the Shafiʽi school again became the paramount thought in Egypt (the region had come under Shi'a influence prior to this period). [10] It was the "official school" of the Ayyubid dynasty and remained prominent during Mamlūk period also. [16] Baybars, the Mamlūk sultan, later appointed judges from all four madhabs in Egypt ...
[2] [4] [9] Ashʿarism eventually became the predominant school of theological thought within Sunnī Islam, [3] [4] [19] and is regarded as the single most important school of Islamic theology in the history of Islam.