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Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3 (in which the bond angle between the nitrogen and hydrogen is 170°), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an ...
The oxidation pathway starts with the removal of the amino group by a transaminase; the amino group is then fed into the urea cycle. The other product of transamidation is a keto acid that enters the citric acid cycle. [79] Glucogenic amino acids can also be converted into glucose, through gluconeogenesis. [80]
In organic chemistry, an aminomethyl group is a monovalent functional group with formula −CH 2 −NH 2. It can be described as a methyl group substituted by an amino group −NH 2 . Related compounds
Arginine is the amino acid with the formula (H 2 N)(HN)CN(H)(CH 2) 3 CH(NH 2)CO 2 H. The molecule features a guanidino group appended to a standard amino acid framework. At physiological pH, the carboxylic acid is deprotonated (−CO 2 −) and both the amino and guanidino groups are protonated, resulting in a cation.
The abundance of 15 N in some amino acids reflects an organism's position in a food web. This is due to the ways organisms metabolize different amino acids when they are consumed. Trophic amino acids (TrAAs) are first deaminated, meaning that the amino group is removed to produce an alpha-keto acid carbon skeleton.
β-alanine, an example of a β-amino acid. The amino group attaches not to the α carbon but to the β-carbon, which in this case is a methylene group.. Beta-peptides (β-peptides) are peptides derived from β-amino acids, in which the amino group is attached to the β-carbon (i.e. the carbon two atoms away from the carboxylate group).
Lysine (symbol Lys or K) [2] is an α-amino acid that is a precursor to many proteins.Lysine contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH + 3 form when the lysine is dissolved in water at physiological pH), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form when the lysine is dissolved in water at physiological pH), and a side chain (CH 2) 4 NH 2 (which ...
Threonine (symbol Thr or T) [2] is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH + 3 form when dissolved in water), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form when dissolved in water), and a side chain containing a hydroxyl group, making it a polar, uncharged amino acid.