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Because yü (as in 玉 "jade") must have an umlaut in Wade–Giles, the umlaut-less yu in Wade–Giles is freed up for what corresponds to you (有 "have"/"there is") in Pinyin. The Pīnyīn cluster -ong is -ung in Wade–Giles, reflecting the pronunciation of as in English book / b ʊ k /. (Compare kung 1-fu to gōngfu as an example.)
Hanyu Pinyin; Gwoyeu Romatzyh. Spelling conventions; Latinxua Sin Wenz; Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II; Tongyong Pinyin; Wade–Giles; Yale romanization; Lessing-Othmer; Simplified Wade; Comparison chart
The Wade, Wade–Giles, and Postal systems still appear in the European literature, but generally only within a passage cited from an earlier work. Most European language texts use the Chinese Hanyu Pinyin system (usually without tone marks) since 1979 as it was adopted by the People's Republic of China .
Today, many commonly encountered Taiwanese proper names (places and people) are written in Wade–Giles (a historic semi-official system), Chinese postal romanization (the system most used by Western academics until the internationalization of Hanyu Pinyin in the 1980s), or Gwoyeu Romatzyh (a system that records tones without tone marks).
Private atlas makers generally used postal romanization in the 1940s, but they later shifted to Wade–Giles. [19] The U.S. Central Intelligence Agency used a mix of postal romanization and Wade–Giles. [20] The U.S. Army Map Service used Wade–Giles exclusively. [21] The U.S. government and the American press adopted pinyin in 1979.
Whereas Wade–Giles needs the umlaut to distinguish between chü (pinyin ju) and chu (pinyin zhu), this ambiguity does not arise with pinyin, so the more convenient form ju is used instead of jü. Genuine ambiguities only happen with nu / nü and lu / lü , which are then distinguished by an umlaut.
Hanyu Pinyin Bopomofo Tong-yong Wade– Giles MPS II Yale EFEO Lessing –Othmer Gwoyeu Romatzyh IPA Note Tone 1 Tone 2 Tone 3 Tone 4 a: ㄚ: a: a: a: a: a: a: a: ar: aa: ah: a: ai
Apostrophes are crucial in both Pinyin and Wade–Giles. In Wade–Giles, an apostrophe is a part of the syllable, while in Pinyin it serves as a syllable delimiter. In Mandarin, the syllable delimiting apostrophe is referred to as a 隔音符号 (géyīn fúhào). Chinese Romanization: Pronunciation and Orthography gives the following rules ...