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Visceral pain is pain that results from the activation of nociceptors of the thoracic, pelvic, or abdominal viscera (organs). Visceral structures are highly sensitive to distension (stretch), ischemia and inflammation , but relatively insensitive to other stimuli that normally evoke pain such as cutting or burning.
Chronic visceral pain from vascular mechanisms is caused by changes in the arterial or venous blood vessels that supply blood to the viscera of the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities and the head or neck region. It can also be caused by a disorder of the vascular system that causes pain in other areas of the body.
Costochondritis, also known as chest wall pain syndrome or costosternal syndrome, is a benign inflammation of the upper costochondral (rib to cartilage) and sternocostal (cartilage to sternum) joints. 90% of patients are affected in multiple ribs on a single side, typically at the 2nd to 5th ribs. [1]
If a chest pain patient suspects that he is suffering a myocardial infarction, he can calm down, remain in a position that is comfortable, calling emergency medical services and trying any other action of the applicable first aid process. Chest pain is a common symptom encountered by emergency medical services.
In the abdomen, general visceral afferent fibers usually accompany sympathetic efferent fibers. This means that a signal traveling in an afferent fiber will begin at sensory receptors in the afferent fiber's target organ, travel up to the ganglion where the sympathetic efferent fiber synapses, continue back along a splanchnic nerve from the ganglion into the sympathetic trunk, move into a ...
Cordotomy is performed as for patients with severe intractable pain, usually but not always due to cancer.Being irreversible and relatively invasive, cordotomy is used exclusively for pain where treatment to level 3 of the World Health Organization pain ladder (i.e., use of major opiates such as morphine) has proved inadequate.
The viscera are also covered by visceral peritoneum. Between the visceral and parietal peritoneum is the peritoneal cavity, which is a potential space. [1] It contains a serous fluid called peritoneal fluid that allows motion. This motion is apparent of the gastrointestinal tract. The peritoneum, by virtue of its connection to the two (parietal ...
Referred pain, also called reflective pain, [1] is pain perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus.An example is the case of angina pectoris brought on by a myocardial infarction (heart attack), where pain is often felt in the left side of neck, left shoulder, and back rather than in the thorax (chest), the site of the injury.