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A shutdown valve (also referred to as SDV or emergency shutdown valve, ESV, ESD, or ESDV; or safety shutoff valve) is an actuated valve designed to stop the flow of a hazardous fluid upon the detection of a dangerous event. This provides protection against possible harm to people, equipment or the environment.
Turning the handle counter-clockwise opens the valve. These valves can be installed without shutting off the main water supply. Plumbing codes, local or international, often do not allow use of a saddle valve; instead a tee and a conventional globe, gate, or ball valve is to be installed.
Isolation valves must effectively stop the passage of fluids. [4] Gate valves, ball valves and plug valves are generally considered to provide tight and effective shut-off. Globe valves and Butterfly valves may not be tight shut-off due to wear on the plug or the seat, or due to their design, and may not be appropriate to provide effective ...
To keep water hammer low, pipe-sizing charts for some applications recommend flow velocity at or below 1.5 m/s (4.9 ft/s). Fit slowly closing valves. Toilet fill valves are available in a quiet fill type that closes quietly. Non-slam check valves do not rely on fluid flow to close and will do so before the water flow reaches significant velocity.
Valves can be categorized into the following types, based on their operating mechanism: Ball valve, for on–off control without pressure drop. Ideal for quick shut-off, since a 90° turn completely shuts off, compared to multiple 360° turns for other manual valves; Butterfly valve, for on–off flow control in large diameter pipes
Shut-off / On-off valve: These valves are either completely open or closed. Examples: Gate valve, ball valve, globe valve, angle valve, pinch valve, diaphragm valve; Check valve: Allows flow only in a single direction; Steam conditioning valve: Regulates the pressure and temperature of inlet media to required parameters at outlet.