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Employees required to work due to their nature of their work are paid extra of their daily rate and cost of living daily allowance depending if the holiday is a regular (200%) or a special non-working holiday (130%). [1] If a holiday falls on a non-working day for the employee, the employee is not compensated.
For example, an employee might accrue one extra day for every 5 years of service up to a maximum of 30 days paid leave, exclusive of bank holidays. Some employers will allow staff to purchase or sell holiday, usually a maximum of 5 days. Part-time workers are entitled to the same amount of leave but this is calculated on a pro-rata basis. [199 ...
In corporate practice, "a pro-rata dividend means that every shareholder gets an equal proportion for each share he or she owns." [20] In banking, "Pro-rating also refers to the practice of applying interest rates to different time frames. If the interest rate was 12% per annum, you could pro-rate this number to be 1% a month (12%/12 months)." [20]
This is done in geographical areas or historical times in which taxes consumed or consume a significant portion of profits or income. The after-tax rate of return is calculated by multiplying the rate of return by the tax rate, then subtracting that percentage from the rate of return. A return of 5% taxed at 15% gives an after-tax return of 4.25%
The term “progressive” describes a distribution effect on income or expenditure, referring to the way the rate progresses from low to high, where the average tax rate is less than the marginal tax rate. [7] [8] [9] The opposite of a progressive tax is a regressive tax, where the tax rate decreases as the amount subject to taxation increases ...
A tax holiday may be granted to particular activities, [2] in particular to develop a given area of business, [3] or to particular taxpayers. [4] Researchers found that on sales tax holidays, households increase the quantities of clothing and shoes bought by over 49% and 45%, respectively, relative to what they buy on average. [5]
In business and for engineering economics in both industrial engineering and civil engineering practice, the minimum acceptable rate of return, often abbreviated MARR, or hurdle rate is the minimum rate of return on a project a manager or company is willing to accept before starting a project, given its risk and the opportunity cost of forgoing other projects. [1]
For example, if an increase in German government spending by €100, with no change in tax rates, causes German GDP to increase by €150, then the spending multiplier is 1.5. Other types of fiscal multipliers can also be calculated, like multipliers that describe the effects of changing taxes (such as lump-sum taxes or proportional taxes).