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The formula can be proved by using mathematical induction: starting with a triangle, for which the angle sum is 180°, then replacing one side with two sides connected at another vertex, and so on. The sum of the external angles of any simple polygon, if only one of the two external angles is assumed at each vertex, is 2π radians (360°).
In Euclidean geometry, a regular polygon is a polygon that is direct equiangular (all angles are equal in measure) and equilateral (all sides have the same length). Regular polygons may be either convex or star .
The points where two edges meet are the polygon's vertices or corners. An n-gon is a polygon with n sides; for example, a triangle is a 3-gon. A simple polygon is one which does not intersect itself. More precisely, the only allowed intersections among the line segments that make up the polygon are the shared endpoints of consecutive segments ...
A regular digon has both angles equal and both sides equal and is represented by Schläfli symbol {2}. It may be constructed on a sphere as a pair of 180 degree arcs connecting antipodal points, when it forms a lune. The digon is the simplest abstract polytope of rank 2. A truncated digon, t{2} is a square, {4}. An alternated digon, h{2} is a ...
Every finite set of points in the plane that does not lie on a single line can be connected to form the vertices of a simple polygon (allowing 180° angles); for instance, one such polygon is the solution to the traveling salesperson problem. [36] Connecting points to form a polygon in this way is called polygonalization. [37]
First, to prove a pentagon cannot form a regular tiling (one in which all faces are congruent, thus requiring that all the polygons be pentagons), observe that 360° / 108° = 3 1 ⁄ 3 (where 108° Is the interior angle), which is not a whole number; hence there exists no integer number of pentagons sharing a single vertex and leaving no gaps ...
The extended base of a triangle (a particular case of an extended side) is the line that contains the base. When the triangle is obtuse and the base is chosen to be one of the sides adjacent to the obtuse angle , then the altitude dropped perpendicularly from the apex to the base intersects the extended base outside of the triangle.
In the last two formulas, no angle is allowed to be a right angle, since tan 90° is not defined. Let a {\displaystyle a} , b {\displaystyle b} , c {\displaystyle c} , d {\displaystyle d} be the sides of a convex quadrilateral, s {\displaystyle s} is the semiperimeter, and A {\displaystyle A} and C {\displaystyle C} are opposite angles, then [ 36 ]