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Modern map shows the location of Megara where Cylon's supporters hailed from, relative to the city of Athens. Scholarship has attempted to definitively date the events of Cylon's coup, but the only primary records of him come from Herodotus and Thucydides, both of whom only mention that he was a previous winner of the Olympic Games. [1]
In 753 BCE the perpetual archonship by the Eupatridae [3] were limited to 10 year terms (the "decennial archons"). [4] After 683 BCE the offices were held for only a single year. [5] Bust of Solon, democratic reformer in Athenian Antiquity. By the 7th century BCE, social unrest had become widespread, as Athens suffered a land and agrarian crisis.
The second Megacles was a member of the Alcmaeonidae family, and the archon eponymous in 632 BC when Cylon made his unsuccessful attempt to take over Athens. Megacles was convicted of killing Cylon's supporters (who had taken refuge on the Acropolis as suppliants of Athena) and was exiled from the city, along with all the other members of his genos, the Alcmaeonidae.
The Athenian coup of 411 BC was the result of a revolution that took place during the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. The coup overthrew the democratic government of ancient Athens and replaced it with a short-lived oligarchy known as the Four Hundred .
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Bust of Pericles in the British Museum, dated 1911. One of the most famous Alcmaeonidae, Pericles was an Athenian general, orator, and statesman. The Alcmaeonidae (/ ˌ æ l k m iː ˈ ɒ n ɪ d iː /; Ancient Greek: Ἀλκμαιωνίδαι, Alkmaionidai; Attic: Ἀλκμεωνίδαι, Alkmeonidai) or Alcmaeonids (/ ˌ æ l k m iː ˈ oʊ n ɪ d z /) were a wealthy and powerful noble family ...
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[52] [53] The Scottish philhellene Thomas Gordon took part in the revolutionary struggle and later documented some of the first histories of the Greek Revolution in English. In Europe, the Greek revolt aroused widespread sympathy among the public, although at first it was met with lukewarm and negative reception from the Great Powers.