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Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is the use of a drug in amounts or by methods that are harmful to the individual or others. It is a form of substance-related disorder. Differing definitions of drug abuse are used in public health, medical, and criminal justice contexts. In some cases, criminal or anti-social behavior occurs when the ...
Substance use disorder (SUD) is the persistent use of drugs despite substantial harm and adverse consequences to self and others. [7] Related terms include substance use problems[8] and problematic drug or alcohol use.[9][10] Substance use disorders vary with regard to the average age of onset. [11] It is not uncommon for those who have SUD to ...
Substance dependence, also known as drug dependence, is a biopsychological situation whereby an individual's functionality is dependent on the necessitated re-consumption of a psychoactive substance because of an adaptive state that has developed within the individual from psychoactive substance consumption that results in the experience of withdrawal and that necessitates the re-consumption ...
Substance-related disorder. Substance-related disorders, also known as substance use disorders, can lead to large societal problems. It is found to be greatest in individuals ages 18–25, with a higher likelihood occurring in men compared to women, and urban residents compared to rural residents. On average, general medical facilities hold 22% ...
Psychiatry, clinical psychology, toxicology, addiction medicine. Addiction is a neuropsychological disorder characterized by a persistent and intense urge to use a drug or engage in a behavior that produces natural reward, despite substantial harm and other negative consequences.
In the United States, the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act defined the word "drug" as an "article intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in man or other animals" and those " (other than food) intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals." [2]
Addiction affects the brain circuits of reward and motivation, learning and memory, and the inhibitory control over behavior. [24] There are different schools of thought regarding the terms dependence and addiction when referring to drugs and behaviors. One adopted belief is that "drug dependence" equals "addiction."
Amphetamine dependence refers to a state of psychological dependence on a drug in the amphetamine class. [1][2] Stimulants such as amphetamines and cocaine do not cause somatic symptoms upon cessation of use but rather neurological -based mental symptoms. [3] Signs of amphetamine intoxication manifest themselves in euphoria, hypersexuality ...