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A muscle relaxant is a drug that affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone. It may be used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasms , pain , and hyperreflexia . The term "muscle relaxant" is used to refer to two major therapeutic groups: neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics .
Quaternary ammonium muscle relaxants are quaternary ammonium salts used as drugs for muscle relaxation, most commonly in anesthesia. It is necessary to prevent spontaneous movement of muscle during surgical operations. Muscle relaxants inhibit neuron transmission to muscle by blocking the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. What they have in ...
Activation of β 2 receptors induces smooth muscle relaxation in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, uterus, and various blood vessels. Increased heart rate and heart muscle contraction are associated with the β1 receptors; however, β 2 cause vasodilation in the myocardium. [citation needed] β3 receptors are mainly located in adipose tissue. [5]
The clinical effectiveness of methocarbamol compared to other muscle relaxants is not well known. [13] One trial of methocarbamol versus cyclobenzaprine, a well-studied muscle relaxant, in those with localized muscle spasm found there were no significant differences in their effects on muscle spasm, limitation of motion, or limitation of daily activities.
Kidney dysfunction typically develops 1–2 days after the initial muscle damage. [4] If supportive treatment is inadequate to manage this, renal replacement therapy (RRT) may be required. [ 13 ] RRT removes excess potassium, acid and phosphate that accumulate when the kidneys are unable to function normally and is required until kidney ...
Chlorzoxazone is a centrally acting muscle relaxant used to treat muscle spasm and the resulting pain or discomfort. It can also be administered for acute pain in general and for tension headache (muscle contraction headache). It acts on the spinal cord by depressing reflexes.
The nerve fibers of the parasympathetic system are responsible for the involuntary movement of smooth muscles present in the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, lungs, sweat glands, and many other parts of the body.
Tolperisone does not have a significant potential for interactions with other pharmaceutical drugs. It cannot be excluded that combination with other centrally acting muscle relaxants, benzodiazepines or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may make a dose reduction necessary in some patients. [3] [4]